Circular economy is a sustainable model to replace the linear economic model which has limitations that affect the environment. In this study, coffee sludge by-product was used to produce activated carbon with high specific surface area through low-temperature hydrothermal carbonization and KOH activation, as a form of circular economy model application. The influence of temperature, time, KOH concentration and raw material ratio on the carbonization and activation process was investigated. Besides, the physicochemical properties of the material were also evaluated through FT-IR, XRD, microscope, SEM and BET analysis. The results showed that the specific surface area of coffee sludge reached 23.06 m^2g^-1 after hydrothermal process at 80% humidity, 240 °C for 5 h. The obtained activated carbon with a high surface area of 976.34 m^2 g^-1 was produced from hydrochar of coffee sludge, recorded at 5 M KOH concentration, HC/KOH ratio of 1:1.5 w/w, 650 °C for 2 h. The FT-IR results showed the decomposition of organic components in coffee sludge. In addition, XRD and SEM analysis also showed the amorphous structure and macroporous surface of the material. These results highlighted the potential of coffee sludge by-product in activated carbon production, towards sustainable development trend.

Abstract\nLearner-oriented education is a spectrum that extends from the interaction between learner and teacher to pure learner-oriented education. This study uses a descriptive-analytical methodology to explore the views of the three main contributors of learner-oriented education, namely, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, John Dewey, and Jean Piaget. This study is an attempt to find the positions of these three personalities on learner-oriented education spectrum. The findings of this study show that all three personalities supported learner-oriented education and emphasized on its many attributes. These attributes provide learner the freedom of experimentation, interaction, and participation based on his needs, motivation, interest, and willingness that are driven by his talents and understanding. Learner-oriented education is like a color spectrum. It starts at the light end (A) and turns darker as education moves on the spectrum toward the other end (B). Each one of the three contributors has a position on this spectrum.

Since ancient, Chelidonium majus is well organized for its therapeutic values. Only recently, scientists have been aware of its new medicinal aspects. Regarding ongoing reports and new medicinal properties of this plant we were prompted to update Phytochemistry and pharmacology of C. majus. Data were gathered using of scientific books, journals, articles and websites including Pubmed, Scopus and Google Scholar up to 10th June 2012. C. majus extracts are important in drug development with numerous pharmacological functions in the western phytotherapy and in traditional medicines especially in China. C. majus is famous in traditional medicines for the treatment of gallstones and dyspepsia and various inflammatory diseases including atopic dermatitis and extensively used against various liver ailments. In addition, C. majus has recently been shown to have antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumoral, anti-osteoporotic , antitussive, antiviral, antifungal, oncostatic, hepatoprotective, diuretic, and eye-regenerative, radioprotection, antioxidant ,cytotoxic effects, as well as anthelmintic ,phototoxic, algicide, cyanocide and cytostatic activities. The valuable therapeutic aspects of this plant are mostly correlated to the existence of isoquinoline alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic acids and proteins. Due to the easy collection of the plant and remarkable biological activities, this plant has become a potent medicine in many parts of the world. This overview presents comprehensive analyzed information on the chemical and clinical aspects of C. majus.

Cereals and pulses are the most important food sources for supplying protein, calories, and energy especially for those who live in the developing countries. Analysis and survey of changes’ trend of these two products in the past can assist researchers to have a better and efficient programming. It seems that production policies of agricultural products in different countries from 1970 to 2009 are various and this difference can have dissimilar reasons. This report shows that Europe’s policies in production of cereals and pulses differ with other continents. While four other continents are increasing the cultivation and production of these two products, Europe decreases it. Certainly this issue requires more survey.

We present the case of a 30 years old patient (male) victim of a high speed car crush assisted by ED Craiova. Coma, severe head trauma, serious chest trauma with multiple rib fractures, bilateral lung contusions, pericardial fluid, multiple spine and pelvic unstable fracture, medullar injury, progressive shock, paroxysmal cardiac dysrhythmias. Increased levels of CKMB with atipical evolution for a myocardial contusion. Two cardiopulmonary arrest (asystole), both resuscitated.\nTaking into account the kinematics and severity of thoracic trauma, myocardial contusion was the first diagnostic hypotheses, but it was also considered the possibility of an acute coronary syndrome, toxicologic ethyology and the spinal cord damage as causes of cardiogenic shock and cardiac rhythm disturbance. \nThe association of neurotrauma, haemorrhage and pulmonary contusion limited treatment of an potential acute coronary syndrome, fast volume replacement and the possibilitys to assist ventilation, in context of shock and risk of secondary brain and spinal injury.\nSpecifying these contingencies determined the management orientation for both possible primary reperfusion and advanced management for neurotrauma.

We present the case of a 30 years old patient (male) victim of a high speed car crush assisted by ED Craiova. Coma, severe head trauma, serious chest trauma with multiple rib fractures, bilateral lung contusions, pericardial fluid, multiple spine and pelvic unstable fracture, medullar injury, progressive shock, paroxysmal cardiac dysrhythmias. Increased levels of CKMB with atipical evolution for a myocardial contusion. Two cardiopulmonary arrest (asystole), both resuscitated.\nTaking into account the kinematics and severity of thoracic trauma, myocardial contusion was the first diagnostic hypotheses, but it was also considered the possibility of an acute coronary syndrome, toxicologic ethyology and the spinal cord damage as causes of cardiogenic shock and cardiac rhythm disturbance. \nThe association of neurotrauma, haemorrhage and pulmonary contusion limited treatment of an potential acute coronary syndrome, fast volume replacement and the possibilitys to assist ventilation, in context of shock and risk of secondary brain and spinal injury.\nSpecifying these contingencies determined the management orientation for both possible primary reperfusion and advanced management for neurotrauma.

Today, companies protect their competitive advantage against competitors, continually attending to responding to customer demand. One of the key characteristics of today\'s business world is attending to competition of supply chain instead of competing companies. Therefore, measuring performance of the supply chain has become an important issue in supply chain management. Lean supply chain providing with the concept of empowerment and the elimination of undesirable changes with Agile supply to meet the increasing need to cover demand variability and uncertainty, In order to deal with the problems posed by the combined a new approach by the title, agile lean (Leagile) has been made Which is used by many companies in the world. However, orientation towards establishing business intelligence in any business and any supply chain is the main strategy of nowadays managers. Business Intelligence helps management to acquire data faster and make better and faster decisions. In this paper, original agile supply chains in the refrigerator factory, Nersy, is presented by SCI global model.

The purpose of this research was to standardize self report domestic violence scale. 530 participants were randomly selected with clustered sampling method from married students of Islamic Azad University of 8 area. According to this scale was measured a total score for domestic violence and also based on exploratory factor analysis 2 scores were measured for two dimensions of domestic violence, these dimensions are: 1. Psychic- physical violence, 2. Control violence (sexual- economic- coersive violence. The reliability of this test (with 29 items) was measured with internal consistency (α= 0.915) and test retest method (r=0.987). The concurrent validity of this scale was significant and this scale had significantly relationship with test of marital quality life. This scale can be used by psychologists and researchers for diagnosis assessment, intervening programs and identification of dimensions for domestic violence.