Objective: we investigate the clinical significance of survivin levels in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients. Methods: The serum level of survivin from patients with PDAC (n =80) and age-matched healthy volunteers (n = 80) were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) prior to surgical resection. Expression levels were correlated with clinicopathological parameters. Results :Serum survivin concentrations were significantly elevated in PDAC patients when compared to healthy sera. High serum survivin levels were significantly associated with perineural invasion , venous invasion, lymph node status (N stage) , histologic grade and T stage, but not with the tumor size , age , gender of the patients or tumor location. The median overall survival of the normal serum survivin group was longer than that of the elevated serum survivin group. The independent factors associated with over¬all survival were advanced pancreatic cancer and elevated serum survivin level. Conclusion: Patients with ele¬vated serum survivin level at diagnosis demonstrated poor overall survival. Pretreat¬ment survivin level may predict the prognosis of patients with PDAC.

The study aims at the relationship between the philosophical minds of managers with organizational culture of employees in Saderat Bank. The methodology is done in the area 4, Mashhad. Then, the purpose of the current study is to gather data on attitudes and features of Saderat Banks in area 4 of the city. The purpose of the study is correlational, as well. Statistical population is a total number of the bank’s employees of the orbit, which have amassed by the research and statistics center on Saderat Bank. The statistical population of the study is all the male/female employees, managers of the branch, and the chief of the central branch in Mashhad. The findings of the H1 show that there is a positive correlation between the flexibility feature of philosophic minds and adaptability. H2 show that there is a positive correlation among the features of flexibility, the totality of philosophic minds and attaining the goals. H3 shows that there is positive correlation among the features of flexibility, the totality of philosophizing, and adaptability of the working group. H4 shows that there is a positive correlation between the features of flexibility and customer-based. H5 shows that there is a positive correlation among the features of flexibility, philosophic minds in depth, and the power of organizational culture.

The aim of this study is establishment relationship between the loss of 10-HDA (10-Hydroxy-2-Decenoic Acid) of Royal jelly and technological factors in the freeze drying process such as temperature and pressure of environmental freeze drying; time of freeze drying process. This relationship was used to determine the optimal technological parameters. The results were found out as follow: the optimal temperature of environmental freeze drying was 19.82oC, the optimal pressure of environmental freeze drying was 0.569mmHg and the optimal time of the freeze drying process was 18.403h. Corresponding to these parameters, the minimum value of the loss of 10-HDA was 0.72% and the residual water content of final product was 4.282% under 4.5%. These optimal parameters is really essential to set up the technological mode of the freeze drying process Royal jelly for preservation.

The research is a meta-analysis that circumscribes General Communication Science (Axis Communication Philosophy). The thinking platform has two principled pillars:\n i) that discourse has three “main dimensions”: “language use”, “communication of beliefs (cognition)”, and “interaction in situations”; as a “standard principle” (Van Dijk, 1997a, 1997b). \n ii) that, as a written language form of communication, the philosophy is a communicational cognition discourse.\n The inquiry is ranged among what it is called the dynamics of the reshaping conceptual standard-matrix of Communication. It is an implicit answer to a double question: i) what makes a communicational discourse be „philosophy” and ii) what accurately individualizes the philosophical discourse, making from a text „a philosophical text”, a philosophical discourse, a philosophical message? Results that:\n 1. essential in the philosophical communication, as well as in any other type of communicational discourse, it is not the producer but the nuclear message which he succeeds in transmitting and co-constructing meanings together with his recipient;\n 2. the distinctive feature of the philosophical communication, of the philosophical discourse, of the philosophical text as a communication practice is the discursive approach of the philosophemes, the „philosophematic” message.

ABSTRACT -AIMS: Survivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family; it is overexpressed in most cancer tissues and induces resistance to radiation therapy. In this study, we investigated whether knockdown of survivin by siRNA can induce apoptosis and enhance radiosensitivity in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells (OSCC).\nMATERIALS AND METHODS:Oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines KB was subjected to radiotherapy. small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting survivin was transfected into KB cells in vitro,then subjected to radiotherapy.After irradiation or/and siRNA transfection, viable and dead cells were counted to determine radiation sensitivity by MTT assay, proliferation by colony-forming ability and apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Tumor-bearing mice were irradiated with 6 Gy of 60Co-γ radiator. \nRESULTS:The results showed knockdown of survivin in KB cells showed reduced cell proliferation, an increased number of radiation-induced apoptosis. Apoptosis was increased by knockdown alone and increased further in combination with irradiation. Colony formation was significantly reduced by survivin knockdown in combination with irradiation.\nCONCLUSIONS: We then conclude survivin down-regulation sensitizes cells toward irradiation. Survivin knockdown in combination with radiation inhibits cell proliferation and colony formation significantly and increases apoptosis more than each single treatment alone. In addition, siRNA survivin significantly enhanced inhibition of tumor growth and potentiated cell apoptosis by irradiation in KB xenografts. In conclusion, down regulation of survivin could enhance sensitivity of human KB cells to radiotherapy in vitro and in vivo.