It is an easily noticed fact that a new generation of residents has been establishing new habitation structures all over Romania. This also applies to the south-eastern Oradea Suburban Area, in north-western Romania. The analysed suburban landscapes bring out open attitudes in former city dwellers, strongly biased pro-landscape (78.52% of all interviewees). The landscape criterion ranks second in reasons for relocation, indicating that local nature meets the expectations of the new residents. Indubitable spiritual benefits are also involved, the new residents’ perception of local landscapes being dominated by responses like beauty, repose, naturalness. However, the new residents do not have a narrowed-down, specialised definition in their minds when expressing opinions on local landscape physiognomy in detail, and on outstanding features that render local landscapes attractive. Even the landscape management interventions of new residents and of local authorities revolve around land estate categories and tailored urbanistic requisitions. Consequently, the configuration of neo-landscapes with a distinct suburban identity emerges. The major directions of this case study may serve as groundwork for further studies on the issue of landscape as subject matter in attracting city dwellers to suburban locations.

This paper carves out a way to video coding that is motivated by the recent advancement in video inpainting. In the proposed video coding approach, the regions are mainly divided into two types namely, Local Motion Region and Global Motion Region. The regions are removed by using block based motion estimation in Local Motion Regions and the method of texture synthesis is used for obtaining the removed regions. Shearlet - Laplacian based Partial Differential Equation (PDE) inpainting is carried out to recover the removed regions in Global Motion Regions. In both regions, Exemplar Selection (Region Removal) Process is based on the edges extracted from the input region. Wavelets like curvelets and contourlets are not very efficient when dealing with edges in multidimensional signals. In this paper, a Discrete Shearlet Transform (DST) is used for edge detection. Using DST helps to improve the overall compression performance together with the Shearlet - Laplacian based inpainting and texture synthesis Schemes. The Scheme has been integrated into H.264/AVC and achieves better bit rate saving.

Data mining is an emanating area not only in the field of computer science but also contributes more to clinical data research. This analysis mainly focuses on medical diagnosis of both patients and drugs through classification and prediction techniques. Nowadays, liver disease is increasing dramatically among alcoholic consumer, smoker and person infected by hepatitis A, hepatitis C and Cirrhosis. This research work focused more on diagnosing patient with liver disorders. In this work, two different datasets namely, Bupa liver dataset and Indian liver patient disorder dataset are taken from UCI machine learning repository which contains 345 records and 745 records respectively for experimental study. Both these liver patient datasets is subjected to ReliefF filtering and stepwise discriminate feature relevance ranking algorithms before applying various classification algorithms. The comparative study on all these datasets is done to evolve the best classifier for diagnosing liver disease. The experimental results showed that Random tree algorithm, C4.5 and k-NN delivered accurate classification rules for identifying liver disorders on all these datasets The performance evaluation is done based on accuracy, precision, sensitivity and specificity for the above three selected classifiers revealed that Random tree classifier is the best classifier for diagnoses liver diseases.

This paper gives a brief introduction to a novel visual attention detection method, which combines features of luminance, color contrast and structural dissimilarity to detect salient regions in images. The method simultaneously considers regional contrast and spatial coherence information and outputs full resolution saliency maps. The main purpose of this paper is to improve robustness of salient object detection for complex texture images, highlight uniformly salient object and boost the overall precision and recall for saliency detection. The main contributions of this paper include: 1) Identifying structural dissimilarity based on internal regions of image to measure structure contrast, which is conducive to recognize salient objects from texture complex images. 2) A nonlinear fusion model, which effectively combines structural dissimilarity and color contrast to distinguish saliency of each image regions. 3) A salient objects segmentation method which can automatically extract salient objects from images based on saliency maps. The proposed method is compared with nine state-of-the-art salient region detection methods on fixed threshold segmentation experiments and on adaptive salient object segmentation experiments. The evaluated results demonstrate that our method has outstanding performances both on acquiring higher precision and better recall, especially improves saliency detection effect for complex texture image.

Abstract \nManufacturing and productive service industries such as urban recreation and leisure industry have contributed to capital generation during past several decades. Modernism era (19th to middle of 20th centuries) had many conceptual and symbolic differences compared to present atmosphere known as postmodern era. \nMetropolitan areas were historically recognized by the “brands” of their manufacturing industries up to the middle of 20th century. Former city functions have been replaced by new ones and urban spaces are now organized based on social and economic changes that occurred during postmodern era. Among spaces that extensively increase public consumption, create employment, and promote urban living are spaces created to provide recreational, leisure, training, and tourism services. \nPresent amusement parks are multifunctional and provide cultural, economic, and social functions. These parks provide pre and post relations various industries that supply product and services to Metropolitan areas including large industrial producers of amusement park equipments, consulting and construction companies, transport industry, and other productive service industries providing design, consulting, insurance, banking, travel, and other similar services.\nAmusement parks produce extensive social and cultural impacts. Large theme parks have turned into “global villages” that act as a crossroad for different social strata, civilizations, and nations. \nIran 1404 Outlook Document has put priority on improvement of social justice in all economic, social, and cultural programs. This document has highlighted infrastructure development for macro programming. In compliance with the directives of this document, Tehran Municipality has undertaken to construct one of the largest social and cultural projects with the participation of private sector. This huge project is named “Hezar-o-Yek Shahr” recreational complex. This complex is planned over 150,000 hectares and incorporates Islamic and Iranian cultural and architectural characteristics in its construction. “Hezar O Yek Shahr” is intended to become the focal point and serve as a model for optimization of economic, social, and cultural functions for residents of Tehran metropolitan area. \nPresent study is a practical research based on its objectives. Research methodology is analytic-descriptive. The findings of this research confirmed the effectiveness of social oriented projects in improving living quality and enrichment of leisure time subject to effective management and monitoring.

Objective\nThe purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and outcomes of preoperative prophylactic metoclopramide and dimenhydrinate use in elective cesarean births.\nMaterial and Methods\nParticipants (n=84) scheduled for elective cesarean births were randomized equally into placebo (10cc 0.9% NaCl), 10mg metoclopramide or 50 mg dimenhydrinate groups. \nOral alimentation was prohibited eight hours before the surgery; however patients continued drinking water until four hours before surgery. Placebo and anti-emetics were administered 1 hour before the anticipated procedure in a 5 ml syringe. In metoclopramide and dimenhydrinate group an ampoule of the agents were completed to 5 ml by adding 0.9% NaCl. In the control group 5 ml of 0.9% NaCl was used. All prophylactic agents were administered intramuscularly. All patients received a general anesthesia.\nThe placebo group (control group) was compared with the metoclopramide and dimenhydrinate groups.\nResults\nDemographic data including maternal age, height, weight, body mass index, gravidity, parity, miscarriage, induced abortion, the number of offspring, and the medical history did not show significant differences among the three groups.\nPostoperative nausea, vomiting and the use of rescue medication ratios were significantly lower in metoclopramide and dimenhydrinate groups compared with the placebo group (p<0.05), however the difference between the metoclopramide and dimenhydrinate groups was not significant (p>0.05).\nConclusions\nDimenhydrinate and metoclopramide significantly decrease postoperative nausea, vomiting and the need for rescue anti emetic medication. Both agents have similar efficacy and may be used as an alternative to each other.

Providing security and efficient access control for video streaming in cloud computing is one of the challenging ongoing research works ,because the data owners outsource their multimedia data to the cloud service provider to make it available for the user at anytime , anywhere and by using any devices. Existing solutions for secure video streaming uses standard cryptographic techniques. But it suffers from heavy computational cost, both in the data owner and in the user sides. For example if we use AES for encryption and decryption for large video files, the processing time in terms of encryption and decryption will increase even though it provides higher level of security. Also AES kind of security is not needed for simple media files and e-learning type of applications. This paper addresses this challenging problem by proposing MBBXOR Encryption Algorithm – a computational efficient encryp-tion/decryption algorithm for multimedia streaming in cloud computing. The simulation runs and analysis shows that the proposed approach is highly efficient and provides adequate security.

While the use of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) has been adopted in different contexts all over the world and many textbook designers and also administrative executives recommend this approach to the teachers. Different researches show that teachers can rarely apply CLT perfectly in different secondary schools especially in non-native classroom contexts. Education reformations in Malaysia assigned different teachers to apply learner-centered environment for the students, but in most of the cases instructional practices remained the same according to traditional teacher-centered eastern contexts where teachers have the dominant role in the classroom context. CLT has been received a significant attention as an offspring leaner-centered approach and it has been emphasized to apply in the Malaysia. In this study researchers attempted to evaluate implementation of CLT in the Malaysian secondary schools through several observations. Observations have been implemented by using an observation scheme based on CLT principles. 30 secondary school classes in the Johor district, Malaysia have been observed. During the observations researchers found that in the CLT classes, teachers had several problems to apply CLT in the Malaysian secondary schools such as the culture of Malaysia, in which teachers have the dominant role and also students’ proficiency in English which has been considered as the prerequisite of CLT implementation in educational contexts. Hopefully results of the current study, seems to be useful for several people who can benefit from the results like students and teachers as the main role makers of CLT implementation in Malaysia and also administrative executives in the ministry of education of this country to know the CLT implementation challenges in the Malaysian contexts.

Odontobuthus odontrous is one of the medically important and dangerous scorpions belonging to family Buthidae. Present study was aimed to evaluate the presence of low molecular weight peptides in the venom of the O. odontrous. Low molecular weight peptides are therapeutically important and they have significant role in ion channel blocking and tumor growth impairing. For this purpose High Performance Liquid Chromatography was performed. The results of present study confirmed the presence of at least five low molecular weight peptides in the range of 2-8kDa.The recognition of these low molecular weight peptides can not only be an important step in producing effective antivenom against such dangerous scorpion species, but also these peptides are probes for identifying specific types of ion channels. These peptides can also be the important tools for understanding ion channel physiology. Moreover, this study can be helpful in more advancement in drug development, cancer treatment, or other pharmaceuticals.

The present study was undertaken to assess the resistance status of Musca domectica against malathion in Sargodha City. The activities of insecticide detoxifying enzymes (i.e., Esterases, Glutathione S-transferases and Monooxygenases) between control and malathion treated and fed and unfed flies were also compared. Flies from all populations were found resistant to the tested concentrations. The activity of β esterases among melathion treated flies was inhibited among all populations. The activities of GST and Monooxygenases were higher among treated flies of all populations compared to control flies. Significantly higher activity of β esterases was recorded in fed flied of Rehman Pura population, while in Sultan Colony and Chak No, 75-A, SB populations, difference in activity of β esterases between fed and unfed flies, was statistically non significant. Similarly significantly higher activity of Glutathione-S-transferases was recorded in fed flies of Sultan Colony and Chak No, 75-A, SB populations. No difference in activity of Monooxygenases was recorded among starved and fed flies. We concluded from the study that higher level of GST and Monooxygenases in the treated flies indicate the involvement of these enzymes in the resistance. As the high level of melathion resistance is recorded in the flies from all populations of Sargodha, so it is recommended that malathion shouldn’t be used any more for control of housefly in the area.

Maize is negatively affected by many environmental factors during growth, with drought stress being one of the most common causes for reduction in maize yield world-wide. There is wide variation in stand establishment for various maize cultivars to water deficit condition, such as occur in in arid and semiarid regions of the world. An experiment was carried out to evaluate five cultivars of maize viz; EV-1097, Agaiti-2002, Sawaan-3, Islamabad Gold and EV-1098 for tolerance to water deficit based on their cell wall plasticity characteristics. The crop was sown in pots; each treatment consisted of five pots having three plants each, and each pot was watered uniformly up to soil capacity from germination to the three leaf stage as required. Then, the water supply was reduced to half soil capacity level for one week, and then to one-third capacity for the coming two weeks. After 35 days, irrigation was stopped for one week. After one week without water, the plants showed symptoms of drought stress, at which time data was recorded on leaf growth rate, chlorophyll content, leaf water potential, protein content, proline content, relative water content, specific leaf weight, and sugar content. Control plants were maintained at full soil capacity. The experiment was laid out by using Completely Randomized Design with three replications and five treatments (cultivars). The response of the five cultivars examined under these water deficit stress treatments differed dramatically. Cultivars EV-1097 and Agaiti-2002 were amongst the best performers, showing maximum cell wall plasticity, having the highest leaf growth rate, proline, protein, sugar and relative water contents, as well as the highest specific leaf weight, leaf water potential, and chlorophyll content when compared with other cultivars. EV-1097 and Agaiti-2002 were thus the most tolerant cultivars to these water deficit treatments. The Islamabad gold and EV-1098 cultivars were the least tolerant to water stress conditions.

Background: The inappropriate endodontic treatment is the single most frequent cause for tooth extractions. The final goal of the endodontic treatment and the re-treatment (following inappropriate endodontic treatment) is retaining the functionality of the tooth. So far, the most promising materials in these indications were the calcium-silicate cements. \nMethod: Biodentinetm, a new dental biomaterial based on calcium-silicate technology, with excellent handling characteristics and biocompatibility, has been used in patients with complications during the endodontic therapy, traumatic injuries and as a dentin substitute for restorations in complex situations. \nResults: The clinical cases demonstrated the excellent healing potential after the treatment with Biodentinetm. \nConclusions: The bio-silicate technology is highly promising, mostly due to its chemical properties and easy clinical manipulation. The short working time and the high mechanical strength makes Biodentinetm a material with easy handling, highly biocompatible and with wide range of indications (such as endodontic procedures and as a dentin substitute in restorations).

ABSTRACT\nThe present work is included within a large and complex research project regarding Romanian Grey Steppe breed, unique as biologic and cultural–historic importance, in verge of extinction and involved into a preservation programme of Romanian’s genetic fund. The study of proteic fractions genetic polymorphism, especially of kappa-casein and genotype relations of these lactoproteins with some qualitative and quantitative features of milk production, it is an actual theme and for these breed it is a novelty. Research were carried out on a number of 30 Romanian Grey Steppe cows and focused on: milk production indicators by successive lactations, genetic structure, genetic parameters for some features and serum proteins of milk production. In the first lactation 62.69 % of the maximum lactation was attained, a value which highlights the tardiness of Romanian Grey Steppe breeds in terms of milk production. The milk quantity ranged between 1589.64 kg (1st lactation) and 2535.43 kg in the 5th lactation which was the maximum one. Starting with the 6th lactation, the milk quantity decreased reaching in the 8th lactation the value of 1078.5 kg. Milk fat percentage reached the maximal value in the 5th lactation, namely 4.73 %. The same evolution could be noticed for the percentage of protein which registered the value of 3.71 % in the 5th lactation. The main lactoprotein from milk, kappa-casein (K-cz), characterized in literature as a feature with a high degree of hereditary transmission, in the nucleus under study it acted as such, and its value was confirmed by the heritability index (h2=0.57 %). We must mention the medium values for milk and fat quantities (h2=0.27, 0.30 %) and the fat percentage from milk which had a greater hereditary influence h2 = 0.71 %. Correlations between kappa-casein and milk quantity are negative and powerful. Between kappa-casein and other qualitative features of milk (with fat content 0.58-0.67 % and protein content 0.77-0.87%), there are positive and very powerful correlations.

The identification of radars with the use of classic techniques (methods of classic identification) which base on the statistic analysis of basic measurable parameters of a signal such as Radio Frequency (RF), Amplitude (A), Pulse Width (PW) or Pulse Repetition Interval (PRI) is for SEI problems not sufficient. \nThus, what is more often seen, for the identification process are adopted methods which for instance, use unintentional emissions or extraction of additional distinctive features which increase explicitness of the results received in the process of emission sources. One of such methods is hierarchical clustering in the form of a dendrogram. This article presents the method of hierarchical data clustering which is used in the process of radar identification. The results of clustering are presented in dendrograms of Pulse Repetition Interval. The algorithm implemented and used in the research method was parameterized therefore, it is possible to compare the results. This method makes it possible to differentiate particular radar copies of the same type on the basis of the dendrograms received.

Great challenges in modern medical image acquisition (CT and MRI) systems have been created with respect to storing and transmitting medical images in a health care system. The proposed method is a novel hybrid medical compression scheme in a lossless manner for different medical modality. First partitioning the medical image in to region of importance (ROI) and region of non importance (RNOI) depending upon the selection using an improved K-Means algorithm. The region of importance (ROI) is compressed losslessly using the curvelet transform and differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) and the region of non-importance (RNOI) is compressed by using integer wavelet transform technique and set portioning in hierarchical tree SPIHT followed by adaptive arithmetic encoder. Finally, both the compressed outputs are fused together to give the final output compressed image. The storage and transmission of important medical data and imagery is made lucid using this model. The quality measures of proposed model are compared with different techniques.

The genetic epidemiological studies revealed that schizophrenia is highly heritable. The aim of this study is to determine whether the common tagging single nucleotide polymorphism (tSNP) rs166531 in activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) gene contributes to risk of paranoid schizophrenia. We conducted a two-stage candidate gene association, involving 722 patients with paranoid schizophrenia and 757 normal controls of Chinese Han descent recruited. TaqMan probe method was carried out to genotype all DNA from peripheral leukocytes. In the discovery stage, we found that the number of genotype TT in cases was more than that from controls (adjusted OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.07-2.19, P = 0.019). This risk quality increased in a dose-dependent manner as genotype AA decreased (Ptrend = 0.041). Interestingly, this SNP showed consistent association in replication cohort (adjusted OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.13-1.98, P = 0.005, Ptrend = 0.003) and combined cohort (adjusted OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.10-1.79, P = 2.839×10-4, Ptrend = 8.264×10-5). This study replicated a predisposition locus to paranoid schizophrenia, and strongly suggested that ATF2 may be involved in the development of this serious disease.

Introduction.\nAccidental Hypothermia produces a multitude of complex issues in the evaluation plan, investigative strategy, tactics and choice of therapeutic modalities and the development and prognosis of the patient, especially in the plurilessional context.\nCase study\nWe examined the case of a 79 years old patient, assisted at ED Craiova in November 2012 with severe hypothermia, found down the street. On admission to the ED, he appeared confused, disoriented in space and time, GCS = 10, no focal signs with generalized rigidity, tremor. Cardiogenic shock Kkillip III peripheral pulses hardly perceptible. Cold extremities, mottled.\nThe patient with severe hypothermia (Tc - 29.1 ° C) had multiple confounding aspects of cerebral ischaemia, peripherical of the limb and myocardial, possible attributable to both hypothermia, cardiogenic shock (acute coronary syndrome in the comment), an evolving ischemic stroke, an acute peripheral left limb ischaemia with severe rhabdomyolysis, acute bilateral pneumonia, or association in different degrees and their sequences,with the prognosis of extreme gravity.\nThe determinism, primary or secondary of the cardiac rhythm disorders in relation to hypothermia, give also rise to discussions and the possibility of little peripheral embolism can be neglected.\nConclusions\n• Cardiogenic shock was the turning point in determining the evolution of this case and its double determinism conditioned most likely the poor prognosis of the patient.\n• Pneumonia was the second severe impairment that influenced survival, limiting refilling and affecting oxygenation optimization\n• The question of etiology of heart disrhythmia, its seniority and role in the induction of cerebral and peripheral ischemia\n• The vulnerability of the miocard- maintained both during hypothermia and after reheating.\n• A number of clinical syndromes may have particular aggravating evolution in the context of hypothermia.\n• Therapeutic response was affected by hypothermia.\n• A series of subclinical suffering became manifests in these circumstances, such as renal suffering and peripheral arterial disease.\n• It is always difficult to distinguish the primary event in - a clinical context complicated by the presence of hypothermia.

Background: The school screening for spine deformities is an important health activity where a large numbers of health workers, it burden with the cost of the activity itself, and the education of the staff. Bad posturesare frequent last decades, because are increasing long bad positions and physical non activity by adolescents. The aim of our investigation was to determinate the bad posture level among school children by clinical examination tests and spine mouse software. Material and method: Examination included 840 children age 6-15 years in nine classes of basic school, with examination of 4 clinical tests by standard way, and spine mouse device software.Results: Test was the most positive in class 2, and test 1 was positive by 75% of population. The frequency of positive tests by classes was not significant p>0.05, but percentage of total children by positive tests was significant. Conclusion: Tests for School screening are only qualitative measurement and are not used for condition evaluation, spine mouse devise is significant for early detection of bad posture by school children.

We are proposing a mathematical model for the blood flow in large vessels, based on the non-Newtonian Cross rheological approach of the blood and taking into account the viscoelastic behavior of the vessel wall. In the case of this work only axisymmetric geometries are considered. Some numerical experiments in arteries with stenosis and aneurysm, using COMSOL Multiphysics 3.3 are made. The results of the numerical simulations are compared to some obtained by real medical measurements. Beside other physical quantities the variation of the wall shear stress, which is believed to have a special importance in the rupture of aneurysms, is calculated.

This paper proposes a blind color image watermarking technique in hybrid domain (spatial and Slantlet transform domains). The proposed technique utilizes two interrelated watermarks namely, main–watermark (MW) and sub–watermark (SW), which is a statistical information of MW, Firstly, the RGB cover image is converted to YCbCr. Then the Cb component is selected for embedding the MW by utilizing the first three least significant bits. Next, The Cr component is selected and converted into the transform domain using discrete slantlet transform (DST), and later decomposed it into three levels. HL, LL2 and LL3 sub-bands. The SW is then embedded onto the LL3. Experimental results show that the performance of proposed technique is very encouraging with PSNR of more than 43db and NCC after five types of attack for MW and SW are greater than 0.93 & 0.94 respectively. The result also shows that the capacity of embedding data more than 12.5% is achieved.

The new amendments brought by the Treaty of Lisbon in 2009 in the field of judicial cooperation have determined the “rethinking” and separating it from the “police cooperation” in two different chapters of Title V of TFEU (dealing with Area of Freedom, Security and Justice), unlike the old regulatory when both of them where regulated in the same Chapter (former Title VI of Maastricht Treaty – Provision on cooperation in the fields of Justice and Home Affairs).\nThe aim of the paper is to analyse, the important amendments brought in the field of judicial cooperation by the Lisbon Treaty from the legislative and institutional points of view as well as the new created institutions, highlighting in the same time the relevant principles governing the European judicial cooperation, focusing also on the competences awarded to the Court of Justice of the European Union (“CJEU”) in the light of these new amendments.

The necessity of this era is to extract meaningful information from large collection of data present in organizations. The traditional mining methods have previously been applied to a static database. In real life, media information has time attributes either implicitly or explicitly known as temporal data. A temporal database, which has time as the mandatory filed, is considered to make the system more practical and realistic. Memory utilization is minimized by encoding the temporal database which involves several levels of data based on time. The values in each level are used in the encoded database to represent the transaction. This work proposes Database Encoding as a new presentation, which can reduce the size of database and improve the efficiency of algorithms. An encoded temporal database method which identifies Temporal Association Rules from an item set that consists of transactions with their corresponding valid time intervals. The application of Ant Colony Systems as a Classification Rule Discovery is explored and probably to perform a flexible search over all possible logic combinations of the predicting attributes. The encoding database is used in a temporal data mining system, rather than classification rules in the sense of data mining. These results show to achieve both good predictive accuracy and reduce number of rules at the same time.

Data mining is a widely used technique for the transformation of large amounts of data to useful patterns and information. Grid data mining is a novel concept, which allows the data mining process to be deployed and used in a data grid environment where data and service resources management are distributed. However, a numerous of work presenting in a grid system computes the power of the resource and transmission power of centralized cluster. This paper provides a simple and effective Gaussian Pattern Mining (GPM) to assume the data set values following the continuous probability distribution is used to describe the random variables to cluster around a mean value. We use pattern generating algorithm based on Apriori. Initially, rules are framed for embracing all accessible combinations with the resource constraints for each item in the rule set as potential recurrence of resources count and support count is computed. Therefore, we investigate corresponding congenital rule support for each rule value. In our work, we proposed a Gaussian pattern mining for presenting decentralized fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm (FCM) can be used to conclude number and initial values for iterative optimization. Experimental results reveal the efficacy of the adduced methodology as compared to the related works.

Recently, Tsai et al., Liao et al. and Li et al. each proposed a multi-server authentication protocol. They claimed their protocols are secure and can withstand various attacks. However, we found some security loopholes in each of their schemes, For example, both Tsai et al.’s and Liao et al.‘s schemes suffers from server spoofing attack by an insider server and Li et al.s’ suffers from the lost smart card password-guessing attack. In addition, Liao et al.‘s scheme also has the off-line password-guessing attack. In this paper, we will first review then show the attacks for each scheme. After that, based on Li et al.’s scheme, we proposed a novel one and examined its security in several security features. After security analysis, we concluded that our protocol outperformed Li et al.’s scheme in the security feature of lost smart card password-guessing attack.

In the next generation networks (NGNs), heterogeneous wireless access technologies will coexist forming integrated networks, which support multiple services with a high quality level. A wide range of access technologies makes it possible for users to select the best available access network to meet the requirements of each type of communication service whenever and wherever. This is usually called the Always Best Connected (ABC) challenge which is considered as one of the major concerns in heterogeneous wireless networks (HWNs) environment. This paper proposes a new network selection model which is based on the integration of Multiplicative Exponent Weighting (MEW) method in the framework of trading market non-cooperative game theory and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was utilized to estimate the weights of the parameters that affect the network selection process. The proposed solution enables the mobile user to negotiate with competing networks by providing the user preference to be considered for the network selection process. The proposed solution is analyzed and tested through simulations. The results show the efficiency of proposed method which is able to optimize the user\'s satisfaction.

Large size of images is considered as a problem that should be solved. Image compressions are playing important role in the development of multimedia, telecommunication and computer services. One method for compress the images is Fractal image compression (FIC). Good retrieved image quality and high compression ratio are some features of this algorithm. FIC is recognized as an NP-Hard problem, and it suffers from a high amount of MSE computation. This paper is presented a survey of existing fractal coding methods and approaches.

In the modern technology voting process is behind the time of usage. Paper based voting process is being held now-a-days. For time consuming, security and fraud elactoral this proposed method is developed. Several systems can also be developed for these reasons. For example one system in Electronic based voting is activated in India. This system is used to detect the electoral frauds and for time consuming. It is used for also the voters to tremendous for their ballots. Still there are some areas to identify and address. This can also be useful for voters to vote in a secure manner and for spent time for voting their votes. The monitoring process is based on the employing people. But this is not done in a specific manner. For this reason this project is developed with biometrics as authenticated mobile voting system. This project is developed using Android 3.0 with the mobile equipment.

The use of key is crucial in the block cipher crypt algorithms. Though the randomized keys are not uncommon in the block cipher cryptography, the proposed algorithm uses randomized keys to generate the order of positions in a binary input matrix instead of values to be manipulated in an input file. Different file types of varying size are taken up and the new cryptscheme is applied on them. Various cryptanalytic test were administered on those files viz., information entropy analysis, measurement of encryption quality, and chi-square test. Encryption time and throughput test indicate that the new algorithm outperformed RC6, AES and Blowfish algorithms. The proposed algorithm uses bit level encryption scheme which requires less computation but highly sensitive to small changes in keys. This nature helps to outperform all the select symmetric key algorithms which are in use with respect to cryptanalytic parameters.

Web mining has stretched its boundary for mining large data repositories for the purpose of generating the accurate responses for the user defined queries. Subsequently there is a lack of heterogeneity in structure of web data there needed for the evolution of web mining. Similar to behavior of data mining and text mining, Web content mining differs on appending the amount of data/information on the web that is hurriedly increasing day by day. The significant issues with respect to web content mining are the critical decision-making process. The previous research works are focused on the prime demerits in which first top two ranking sentences are taken to be considered for retrieval of information; consequently due to the redundancy fact clustering accuracy was to bare minimum level. In our proposed work, Semantic Based Proximity Enclosure (SBPE) mechanism applied deals on calculating the semantic based proximity score for predicting several document constraints, and then follows the document resemblance matrix construction, finally the documents are clustered applying the RABC algorithm according to the resemblance matrix generated. Resultantly User pertinent documents are retrieved based on query weighting methodology. The simulation results portrays that our proposed mechanism facilitates effectively when applied with large set of documents moreover illustrates superior optimization results in terms of accuracy too.